Gate Valve: Valve ya gede i valve leyi tirhisaka gede (gate plate) ku famba hi vertically kuya hi axis ya passage. Ngopfu ngopfu yitirhisiwa eka tiphayiphi kuva yi hambanyisa medium, i.e., yi pfulekile hiku hetiseka kumbe yi pfariwile hiku hetiseka. Hi xitalo, ti gate valves ati ringanelanga eka vulawuri bya ku khuluka. Tinga tirhisiwa eka switirhisiwa swa mahiselo yale hansi xikan’we na mahiselo yale henhla na ntshikelelo, kuya hi switirhisiwa swa valve.
Hambiswiritano, ti gate valves hi xitalo ati tirhisiwi eka tiphayiphi leti fambisaka slurry kumbe switirhisiwa swofana na swona.
Swipfuno swa kona:
Ku lwisana ka mati ya le hansi.
Swilava torque leyintsongo eka ku pfula naku pfala.
Yinga tirhisiwa eka ti bidirectional flow systems, leswi pfumelelaka medium kuva yi khuluka eka matlhelo hamambirhi.
Loko yi pfulekile hiku hetiseka, ndzhawu yo pfalela ayi tala kuva na erosion kusuka eka ndzhawu leyi tirhaka loko ku pimanyisiwa na ti globe valves.
Xivumbeko xo olova lexi nga na endlelo ra kahle ro endla.
Ku leha ka xivumbeko lexi hlanganisiweke.
Swiphiqo: .
Tidimenxini letikulu hi ku angarhela na ndhawu yo veka swa laveka.
Ku hlangana lokukulu swinene na ku onhaka exikarhi ka swiphemu swo pfalela hi nkarhi wa ku pfula na ku pfala, ngopfu ngopfu eka mahiselo yale henhla.
Ti valve ta gede hi ntolovelo tina swiphemu swimbirhi swo pfalela, leswinga engetelaka swiphiqo eka ku lulamisa, ku sila na ku hlayisa.
Nkarhi wo leha wo pfula na ku pfala.
Valve ya Phaphatani: Valve ya phaphatani i valve leyi tirhisaka xiaki xo pfala lexi nga ni xivumbeko xa disc leswaku yi rhendzeleka hi kwalomu ka 90 wa tidigri leswaku yi pfula, yi pfala ni ku lawula ku khuluka ka mati.
Swipfuno swa kona:
Xivumbeko xo olova, vukulu byo koma, ku vevuka, na ku tirhisiwa ka swilo ehansi, leswi endlaka leswaku yi faneleka eka ti valve ta diameter leyikulu.
Ku hatlisa ku pfuleka naku pfala hiku tiya ka ku khuluka ka le hansi.
Yinga khoma media na ti suspended solid particles naswona yinga tirhisiwa eka powdery na granular media kuya hi matimba ya sealing surface.
Yi lulamerile ku pfula hi matlhelo mambirhi, ku pfala, na ku lawula eka tiphayiphi to nghenisa moya na ku susa ntshuri. Yi tirhisiwa ngopfu eka tinsimbi, indasitiri yo olova, gezi, na tisisiteme ta tikhemikhali ta petroliyamu ta tiphayiphi ta gasi na tindlela ta mati.
Swiphiqo: .
Nhlayo ya milawu ya ku khuluka leyi nga nyawuriki; loko valve yi pfulekile hi 30%, mpimo wa ku khuluka wu ta tlula 95%.
A swi ringanelanga eka tisisiteme ta tiphayiphi ta mahiselo yale henhla na ntshikelelo wale henhla hikokwalaho ka swipimelo eka xivumbeko na switirhisiwa swo pfalela. Hi xitalo, yitirha eka mahiselo yale hansi ka 300°C na PN40 kumbe ehansi.
Ku tirha kahle ka ku pfalela loko ku pimanyisiwa na ti ball valve na ti globe valve, hikokwalaho aswi kahle eka switirhisiwa leswingana swilaveko swale henhla swaku pfalela.
Ball Valve: Valve ya bolo yi huma eka valve ya plug, naswona element ya yona yo pfala i xirhendzevutani lexi rhendzelekaka hi 90 degrees ku rhendzela axis yavalvensinya ku fikelela ku pfuleka na ku pfala. Valve ya bolo yitirhisiwa ngopfu eka tiphayiphi eka ku pfala, ku hangalasiwa, naku cinca tlhelo ra ku khuluka. Ti valve ta bolo letingana swivulwa swa xivumbeko xa V na tona tina vuswikoti bya kahle byo lawula ku khuluka.
Swipfuno swa kona:
Ku tiya ka ku khuluka lokutsongo (ku nga ri zero).
Ku tirhisiwa loku tshembekaka eka ti corrosive media na low boiling point liquids tani hileswi yinga namarheli hinkarhi wa ntirho (handle ka ku cheriwa mafurha).
Yi fikelela ku pfariwa loku heleleke endzeni ka ntshikelelo wo anama na mahiselo.
Ku pfula naku pfala hiku hatlisa, laha swivumbeko swokarhi swingana minkarhi yo pfula/pfala yo koma kufika eka 0.05 kuya eka 0.1 wa tisekoni, leswi lulameleke tisisiteme ta automation eka mabenci yo kambela handle ka ku khumbeka hinkarhi wa ntirho.
Ku vekiwa ka otomatiki eka swiyimo swa ndzilakano hi elemente yo pfala bolo.
Ku pfariwa loku tshembekaka eka matlhelo hamambirhi ya xitirhisiwa xo tirha.
Ku hava ku khuluka ka swiphemu swo pfalela kusuka eka swihangalasamahungu swa rivilo lerikulu loko swi pfulekile hiku hetiseka kumbe swipfariwile.
Xivumbeko xo koma no vevuka, leswi endlaka leswaku xiva xivumbeko xa valve lexi faneleke swinene eka tisisiteme ta media ta mahiselo yale hansi.
Miri wa valve ya symmetrical, ngopfu ngopfu eka swivumbeko swa miri wa valve leswi weldiweke, swinga tiyisela ntshikelelo kusuka eka tiphayiphi.
Xiphemu xo pfala xinga tiyisela ku hambana ka ntshikelelo wale henhla hinkarhi wa ku pfala. Ti valve ta bolo leti weldiweke hiku hetiseka tinga lahliwa ehansi ka misava, kutiyisisa leswaku swiphemu swale ndzeni aswi tshoveki, laha kungana vutomi byale henhla bya ntirho wa 30 wa malembe, leswi endlaka leswaku swiva kahle eka tiphayiphi ta oyili na gasi.
Swiphiqo: .
Nchumu lowukulu wa ring yo pfalela ya valve ya bolo i polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), leyi nga tirhiki eka kwalomu ka tikhemikhali hinkwato naswona yina swihlawulekisi leswi heleleke swofana na friction coefficient yale hansi, matirhelo yo tiya, ku lwisana na ku dyuhala, ku faneleka ka mahiselo yo anama, na matirhelo ya kahle swinene yo pfalela.
Hambiswiritano, swivumbeko swa physical swa PTFE, kukatsa na expansion coefficient ya yona yale henhla, sensitivity eka cold flow, na thermal conductivity yoka yingari kahle, swilava leswaku dizayini ya seat seals yi seketeriwa eka swihlawulekisi leswi. Hikwalaho, loko nchumu wo pfalela wu tiya, ku tshembeka ka xisirhelelo ku kavanyeteka.
Ku tlula kwalaho, PTFE yina xiyimo xale hansi xaku tiya ka mahiselo naswona yinga tirhisiwa ntsena ehansi ka 180°C. Ku tlula mahiselo lawa, swilo leswi pfalaka swita dyuhala. Loko hi tekela enhlokweni kutirhisiwa ka nkarhi woleha, hi xitalo ayi tirhisiwi ehenhla ka 120°C.
Matirhelo ya yona yo lawula ya le hansi swinene eka ya valve ya globe, ngopfu ngopfu ti pneumatic valve (kumbe ti valve ta gezi).
Globe Valve: Yivula valve laha element yo pfala (valve disc) yifambaka eka layini yale xikarhi ya xitulu. Ku hambana ka orifice ya xitulu swi fambelana hiku kongoma na ku famba ka valve disc. Hikwalaho ka ku famba ko koma ka ku pfula na ku pfala ka muxaka lowu wa valve xikan’we na ntirho wa yona wo tshembheka wo pfala, xikan’we na vuxaka lebyi ringanaka exikarhi ka ku cinca cinca ka orifice ya xitulu na ku famba ka valve disc, yi lulamerile swinene eka vulawuri bya ku khuluka. Hikwalaho, muxaka lowu wa valve wu tala ku tirhisiwa ku pfala, ku lawula ni ku throttling.
Swipfuno swa kona:
Hi nkarhi wa ku pfula na ku pfala, matimba ya friction exikarhi ka valve disc na sealing surface ya miri wa valve i matsongo kutlula ya gate valve, leswi endlaka leswaku yinga onhaki.
Ku leha ka ku pfuleka hi ntolovelo i 1/4 ntsena wa xiteji xa xitulu, leswi endlaka leswaku yi va yitsongo swinene ku tlula valve ya gede.
Hi ntolovelo, kuna ndzhawu yin’we ntsena yo pfalela eka miri wa valve na valve disc, leswi endlaka leswaku swi olova ku endla naku lunghisa.
Yina xiyimo xale henhla xaku tiya ka mahiselo hikuva ku paka hi ntolovelo i nkatsakanyo wa asbestos na graphite. Ti globe valves titala kutirhisiwa eka ti steam valves.
Swiphiqo: .
Hikwalaho ka ku cinca ka tlhelo ra ku khuluka ka medium hi valve, ku tiya ka ku khuluka ka le hansi ka valve ya globe swile henhla kutlula eka tinxaka tin’wana totala ta ti valve.
Hikwalaho ka stroke yo leha, rivilo ro pfula ri nonoka loko ku pimanyisiwa na valve ya bolo.
Plug Valve: Swivula valve yo rhendzeleka leyingana element yo pfala hi xivumbeko xa cylinder kumbe cone plug. Pulagi ya valve eka valve ya plug yi rhendzeleka hi 90 degrees ku hlanganisa kumbe ku hambanyisa ndlela leyi hundzaka eka miri wa valve, ku fikelela ku pfuleka kumbe ku pfala ka valve. Xivumbeko xa plug ya valve xinga va xa cylindrical kumbe conical. Nsinya wa yona wa nawu wufana na wa valve ya bolo, leyi endliweke kuya hi plug valve naswona yitirhisiwa ngopfu eka ku tirhisiwa ka ndzhawu ya oyili xikan’we na ti indasitiri ta ti petrochemical.
Valve ya Vuhlayiseki: Yi tirha tanihi xitirhisiwa xo sirhelela ntshikelelo wo tlula mpimo eka swibya leswi nga ni ntshikelelo, switirhisiwa kumbe tiphayiphi. Loko ntshikelelo endzeni ka xitirhisiwa, xibya kumbe phayiphi wu tlula mpimo lowu pfumeleriwaka, valve yi pfuleka hi yoxe leswaku yi humesa vuswikoti hinkwabyo, leswi sivelaka ku engeteleka kun’wana ka ntshikelelo. Loko ntshikelelo wu ya ehansi ku ya eka mpimo lowu vekiweke, valve yi fanele yi pfala hi ku tisungulela hi ku hatlisa leswaku yi sirhelela matirhelo lama hlayisekeke ya switirhisiwa, xibya kumbe phayiphi.
Steam Trap: Eka ku fambisiwa ka steam, moya lowu tshikileleriweke, na switirhisiwa swin’wana, mati ya condensate ya vumbiwa. Ku tiyisisa ku tirha kahle na ku tirha loku hlayisekeke ka xitirhisiwa, swa laveka ku humesa hi nkarhi swihangalasamahungu leswi swi nga pfuniki nchumu na leswi nga na khombo ku hlayisa ku tirhisiwa na ku tirhisiwa ka xitirhisiwa. Yi ni mintirho leyi landzelaka: (1) Yi nga hatla yi humesa mati lama nga ni condensate lama endliwaka. (2) Swi sivela ku khuluka ka mpfula. (3) Swi susa.
Valve yo hunguta ntshikelelo: I valve leyi hungutaka ntshikelelo wo nghena kuya eka ntshikelelo wa outlet lowu lavekaka hiku lulamisa naswona yi titshege hi matimba ya medium hi yoxe kuva yi hlayisa hi yoxe ntshikelelo wo huma lowu tiyeke.
Check Valve: Yitlhela yitiveka tani hi valve leyinga vuyeli, backflow preventer, back pressure valve, kumbe valve ya ndlela yin’we. Ti valve leti ti pfuriwa hiku tisungulela naku pfala hi matimba lawa ya endliwaka hiku khuluka ka medium eka phayiphi, leswi endlaka leswaku tiva muxaka wa valve ya automatic. Ti check valves titirhisiwa eka ti pipeline systems naswona mintirho ya tona leyikulu iku sivela medium backflow, ku sivela ku tlhelela endzhaku ka ti pompo na ti driving motors, naku humesa ti container media. Ti check valves tinga tlhela titirhisiwa eka ti pipelines leti phakelaka ti auxiliary systems laha ntshikelelo wunga tlakukaka ehenhla ka ntshikelelo wa system. Tinga hambanisiwa ngopfu hi muxaka wa rotary (yi rhendzeleka kuya hi center of gravity) na muxaka wa lift (yi famba hi axis).
Nkarhi wa poso: Jun-03-2023
