Valve ya gedei valve leyi tolovelekeke swinene ya xikongomelo xo angarhela leyi nga ni matirhiselo yo hambana-hambana. Yitirhisiwa ngopfu eka nhlayiso wa mati, metallurgy na ti indasitiri tin’wana. Nxaxamelo wa yona wo anama wa matirhelo wu xiyiwile hi makete. Ku engetela eka dyondzo ya valve ya gede, yi tlhele yi endla dyondzo leyikulu swinene na vukheta eka matirhiselo na ku lulamisa swiphiqo swati valve ta gede.
Leswi landzelaka i nkanelo wo angarhela eka xivumbeko, matirhiselo, ku lulamisa swiphiqo, ku kamberiwa ka khwalithi na swiyenge swin’wana swati valve ta gede.
1. Xivumbeko
Xivumbeko xa...valve ya gede: kuvalve ya gedei valve leyi tirhisaka gate plate na xitulu xa valve ku lawula ku pfuleka na ku pfala.Valve ya gedengopfu ngopfu yi vumbiwa hi miri wa valve, xitulu xa valve, gate plate, valve stem, bonnet, stuffing box, packing gland, stem nut, handwheel na swin’wana. Kuya hiku cinca ka ndzhawu ya relative exikarhi ka gede na xitulu xa valve, vukulu bya channel byinga cinciwa naswona channel yinga tsemiwa. Leswaku ku endliwa leswakuvalve ya gedepfala swinene, vuandlalo bya mating bya gate plate na xitulu xa valve swi gayiwile.
Hi ku ya hi swivumbeko swo hambana swa xivumbeko xati valve ta gede, ti valve ta gede tinga avanyisiwa hi muxaka wa wedge na muxaka wa parallel.
Gede ya xirhendzevutanivalve ya gedeyina xivumbeko xa wedge, naswona ndzhawu yo pfalela yi endla oblique angle na layini yale xikarhi ya channel, naswona wedge exikarhi ka gede na xitulu xa valve yitirhisiwa ku fikelela ku pfariwa (ku pfala). Wedge plate yingava khuna rin’we kumbe khuna lerimbirhi.
Swiphemu swo pfalela swa valve ya gede ya parallel swi fambelana na swin’wana naswona swi perpendicular eka layini ya le xikarhi ya channel, naswona kuna tinxaka timbirhi: letingana expansion mechanism na handle ka expansion mechanism. Kuna ti double rams letingana muchini wo hangalasa. Loko ti rams ti rhelela, ti wedges ta ti parallel rams timbirhi tita hangalasa ti rams timbirhi eka xitulu xa valve kuya eka ndzhawu leyi rhetaka ku sivela flow channel. Loko makhuna ya tlakuka ya pfuleka, swirhendzevutani na tinyangwa swi ta The matching surface of the plate is hambanile, gate plate yi tlakuka kuya eka ku tlakuka ko karhi, naswona wedge yi seketeriwa hi boss eka gate plate. Gede ya double handle ka expansion mechanism, loko gede yi rhetela eka xitulu xa valve kuya hi swiphemu swimbirhi leswi fambelanaka swa xitulu, ntshikelelo wa fluid wutirhisiwa ku tshikelela gede eka miri wa valve eka tlhelo ro huma ra valve kuva yi pfalela fluid.
Kuya hi ku famba ka nsinya wa valve loko gede yi pfuriwile no pfala, valve ya gede yi avanyisiwile hi tinxaka timbirhi: rising stem gate valve na concealed stem gate valve. Nsinya wa valve na gate plate ya valve ya gede ya nsinya lowu tlakukeke swi tlakuka no wa hi nkarhi wun’we loko yi pfuriwa kumbe ku pfariwa; loko valve ya gede ya nsinya leyi fihliweke yi pfuriwile kumbe yi pfariwile, nsinya wa valve wu rhendzeleka ntsena, naswona ku tlakuka ka nsinya wa valve a ku voniwi, naswona pulati ya valve yi tlakuka kumbe ku wa sports. Vuyelo bya rising stem gate valve hileswaku ku tlakuka ka ku pfuleka ka channel kunga avanyisiwa hiku tlakuka ka ku tlakuka ka valve stem, kambe ku tlakuka loku tekiweke kunga hungutiwa. Loko u langutane na vhilwa ra voko kumbe xikhomela, jikajikisa vhilwa ra voko kumbe xikhomela hi tlhelo ra wachi ku pfala valve.
2. Minkarhi na misinya ya milawu yo hlawula ya tivalvu ta gede
01. Xiphepherhelevalve ya gede
Minkarhi ya ku tirhisiwa ka valve ya gede ya slab:
(1) Eka tiphayiphi ta oyili na gasi ya ntumbuluko, valve ya gede ya xiphepherhele leyi nga na makhumbi yo hambukisa na yona ya olova ku basisa phayiphi.
(2) Tiphayiphi na switirhisiwa swo hlayisa oyili leyi antswisiweke.
(3) Switirhisiwa swa le ribuweni ro tirhisa oyili na gasi ya ntumbuluko.
(4) Tiphayiphi leti nga na switirhisiwa swa swiphemuphemu leswi yimisiweke.
(5) Phayiphi yo hundzisela gasi ya doroba.
(6) Mintirho ya mati.
Nsinya wa nawu wa ku hlawula wa slabvalve ya gede:
(1) Eka tiphayiphi ta oyili na gasi ya ntumbuluko, tirhisa xiphepherhele xin’we kumbe swimbirhiti valve ta gede. Loko swilaveka ku basisa phayiphi, tirhisa gede yin’we leyingana diversion hole open stem flat gate valve.
(2) Eka phayiphi yo fambisa na switirhisiwa swo hlayisa oyili leyi antswisiweke, ku hlawuriwa valve ya gede ya xiphepherhele leyi nga na ram yin’we kumbe ram yimbirhi leyi nga riki na makhumbi yo hambukisa.
(3) Eka ku vekiwa ka ribuwa ro humesa oyili na gasi ya ntumbuluko, ku hlawuriwa tivalvu ta gede yin’we kumbe ya gede yimbirhi ya gede ya slab leyi nga na switulu leswi papamalaka swa nhonga leswi fihliweke na tiphuphu to hambukisa.
(4) Eka tiphayiphi leti nga na switirhisiwa swa swiphemuphemu leswi yimisiweke, ku hlawuriwa tivalvu ta gede ya slab leti nga na xivumbeko xa banga.
(5) Eka tiphayiphi to hundzisela gasi ya le madorobeni, tirhisa tivalvu ta gede yin’we kumbe tigede timbirhi leti pfaleriweke hi ku olova ti rising rod flat gate.
(6) Eka tiphurojeke ta mati ya le pompini, ku hlawuriwa tivalvu ta gede yin’we kumbe ya gede yimbirhi leti nga na tinhonga leti pfulekeke leti nga riki na makhumbi yo hambukisa.
02. Valava ya gede ya wedge
Minkarhi leyi tirhaka ya wedge gate valve: Exikarhi ka tinxaka to hambana ta ti valve, gate valve hi yona leyi tirhisiwaka ngopfu. Hi ntolovelo yi lulamerile ntsena ku pfula hiku hetiseka kumbe ku pfala hiku hetiseka, naswona ayi tirhisiwi eka ku lawula naku throttling.
Ti valve ta wedge gate hi xitalo titirhisiwa eka tindzhawu leti kungari na swilaveko swo tika eka ti dimensions tale handle ta valve, naswona swiyimo swa ntirho switika swinene. Xikombiso, xitirhisiwa xo tirha xa mahiselo yale henhla na ntshikelelo wale henhla xilava swiphemu swo pfala ku tiyisisa ku pfariwa ka nkarhi woleha, na swin’wana.
Hiku angarhela, swiyimo swa vukorhokeri kumbe swilava matirhelo yo tshembheka yo pfalela, ntshikelelo wale henhla, ku tsemiwa ka ntshikelelo wale henhla (ku hambana lokukulu ka ntshikelelo), ku tsemiwa ka ntshikelelo wale hansi (ku hambana lokuntsongo ka ntshikelelo), mpfumawulo wale hansi, cavitation na vaporization, mahiselo yale henhla yale xikarhi, mahiselo yale hansi (cryogenic), swa hlohleteriwa ku tirhisa Wedge gate valve. Ku fana na indasitiri ya gezi, ku n’okisiwa ka petroliyamu, indasitiri ya tikhemikhali ta petroliyamu, oyili ya le lwandle, vunjhiniyara bya mphakelo wa mati na vunjhiniyara byo basisa thyaka eka ku aka madoroba, indasitiri ya tikhemikhali na tinsimu tin’wana swi tirhisiwa ngopfu.
Nsinya wa nawu wa ku hlawula:
(1) Swilaveko swa swihlawulekisi swa mati ya valve. Ti valve ta gede ti hlawuriwa eka swiyimo swa ntirho leswingana ku tiya ka ku khuluka lokuntsongo, vuswikoti byo khuluka byo tiya, swihlawulekisi swa kahle swa ku khuluka, na swilaveko swo tika swo pfalela.
(2) Xitirhisiwa xa mahiselo ya le henhla na ntshikelelo wa le henhla. Kufana na steam ya ntshikelelo wale henhla, mahiselo yale henhla na mafurha ya ntshikelelo wale henhla.
(3) Xitirhisiwa xa mahiselo ya le hansi (cryogenic). Kufana na ammonia ya mati, hydrogen ya mati, oxygen ya mati na switirhisiwa swin’wana.
(4) Ntshikelelo wa le hansi na diameter leyikulu. Ku fana na ntirho wa mati, ntirho wo basisa thyaka.
(5) Ndhawu yo veka: Loko ku tlakuka ka ku vekiwa ku ri kutsongo, hlawula valve ya gede ya stem wedge leyi fihliweke; loko ku tlakuka ku nga siveriwa, hlawula valve ya gede ya stem wedge leyi nga erivaleni.
(6) Ti valve ta gede ya wedge tinga tirhisiwa ntsena loko tinga tirhisiwa ntsena ku pfula hiku hetiseka kumbe ku pfala hiku hetiseka, naswona tinga tirhisiwi ku lulamisa naku throttling.
3. Swihoxo leswi tolovelekeke na ku hlayisiwa
01. Swihoxo leswi tolovelekeke na swivangelo swati valve ta gede
Endzhaku ka loko...valve ya gedeyitirhisiwa, hikokwalaho ka mbuyelo wa mahiselo yale xikarhi, ntshikelelo, ku bola na ku fambafamba loku ringanaka ka swiphemu swohambana hambana swa vuhlanganisi, swiphiqo leswi landzelaka switala ku humelela.
(1) Ku vupfa: Ku na tinxaka timbirhi, ku nga ku vupfa ka le handle na ku vupfa ka le ndzeni. Ku khuluka kuya ehandle ka valve swivuriwa ku khuluka ka le handle, naswona ku khuluka ka le handle switala ku kumeka eka mabokisi yo tata na swihlanganisi swa flange.
Swivangelo swa ku vupfa ka bokisi ro chela: muxaka kumbe khwalithi ya xitofu a yi fikeleli swilaveko; stuffing yi dyuharile kutani nsinya wa valve wu ambariwa; ndzhuti wo paka wu ntshunxekile; vuandlalo bya nsinya wa valve byi khwaxa.
Swivangelo swa ku vupfa eka vuhlanganisi bya flange: Nchumu kumbe vukulu bya gasket a byi fikeleli swilaveko; khwalithi ya processing ya flange sealing surface ayi kahle; swiboluti swa vuhlanganisi a swi tiyisiwanga kahle; xivumbeko xa tiphayiphi a xi twali, naswona ndzhwalo wo engetela wo tlula mpimo wu endliwa eka vuhlanganisi.
Swivangelo swa ku vupfa ka le ndzeni ka valve: Ku vupfa loku vangiwaka hi ku pfala ka valve hi ku olova i ku vupfa ka le ndzeni, loku vangiwaka hi ku onhaka ka vuandlalo byo pfalela bya valve kumbe rimitsu ro olova ra ring yo pfalela.
(1) Ku bola hakanyingi i ku bola ka miri wa valve, bonnet, nsinya wa valve ni vuandlalo byo pfalela flange. Ku bola swivangiwa ngopfu hiku tirha ka medium, xikan’we naku humesiwa ka ti ions kusuka eka ti fillers nati gaskets.
(2) Ku khwaxa: ku khwaxa ka ndhawu kumbe ku rhurhumela ka le henhla loku humelelaka loko gede ni xitulu xa valve swi famba-famba loko swi pimanisiwa ehansi ka ntshikelelo wo karhi wa ku khumbana.
02. Ku hlayisiwa kavalve ya gede
(1) Ku lunghisa ku vupfa ka valve ehandle
Loko ku tshikileriwa ku paka, ti gland bolts tifanele kuringanisiwa kuva ti papalata gland kuva yi rhetela naswona ku siya xivandla leswaku yita hlangana. Loko ku ri karhi ku tshikileriwa ku paka, nsinya wa valve wufanele ku rhendzeleka kuva ku pakiwa ku rhendzela nsinya wa valve wufana, naswona ku sivela ntshikelelo kuva wu tiyile ngopfu, leswaku wunga khumbi ku rhendzeleka ka nsinya wa valve, ku engetela ku onhaka eka ku paka, naswona ku hungutiwa vutomi bya ntirho. Vuandlalo bya nsinya wa valve bya khwaxa, leswi endlaka leswaku medium yi olova ku khuluka yi huma. Yifanele ku lulamisiwa kuva yi herisa swirhumbana ehenhla ka nsinya wa valve loko yinga se tirhisiwa.
Eka ku vupfa eka vuhlanganisi bya flange, loko gasket yi onhakile, yifanele ku cinciwa; loko nchumu wa gasket wu hlawuriwile hi ndlela leyi nga fanelangiki, nchumu lowu nga fikelelaka swilaveko swa ku tirhisiwa wu fanele ku hlawuriwa; loko khwalithi ya processing ya flange sealing surface yingari kahle, yifanele ku susiwa naku lunghisiwa. Vuandlalo bya flange sealing byi lulamisiwa nakambe kufikela loko byi faneleka.
Ku engetela kwalaho, ku tiyisiwa kahle ka ti flange bolts, ku lulamisiwa lokunene ka tiphayiphi, na ku papalata ndzhwalo wo engetela ngopfu eka swihlanganisi swa flange hinkwaswo swi pfuna ku sivela ku vupfa eka swihlanganisi swa flange.
(2) Ku lunghisa ku vupfa ka le ndzeni ka valve
Ku lunghisa ku vupfa ka le ndzeni i ku herisa ku onhaka ka vuandlalo byo pfalela na rimitsu leri ntshunxekeke ra ring yo pfalela (loko ring yo pfalela yi vekiwile eka valve plate kumbe xitulu hi ku tshikelela kumbe ku threading). Loko ndzhawu yo pfalela yi lulamisiwa hiku kongoma eka miri wa valve na valve plate, akuri na xiphiqo xa timintsu leti ntshunxekeke xikan’we naku vupfa.
Loko ndzhawu yo pfalela yi onhakile swinene naswona ndzhawu yo pfalela yi vumbiwile hi ring yo pfalela, ring ya khale yifanele ku susiwa naswona ring leyintshwa yo pfalela yifanele ku nyikiwa; loko ndzhawu yo pfalela yi lulamisiwile hiku kongoma eka miri wa valve, ndzhawu yo pfalela leyi onhakeke yifanele ku susiwa kusungula. Susa, kutani u sila ring leyintshwa yo pfalela kumbe ndhawu leyi lulamisiweke yi va ndhawu leyintshwa yo pfalela. Loko ku khwaxa, swirhumbana, ku pfotlosiwa, ku dents na swin’wana swihoxo eka ndzhawu yo pfalela swiri ehansi ka 0.05mm, swinga herisiwa hiku sila.
Ku vupfa ku humelela eka rimitsu ra ring yo pfalela. Loko ring yo pfalela yi lulamisiwile hiku tshikelela, veka tetrafluoroethylene tape kumbe pende yo basa yo tiya ekavalvexitulu kumbe ehansi ka ring groove ya ring yo pfalela, kutani u tshikilela ring yo pfalela ku tata rimitsu ra ring yo pfalela; Loko sealing ring yi threaded, PTFE tape kumbe pende yo basa yo tiya yifanele ku vekiwa exikarhi ka ti threads kuva ku sivela mati lawa yanga khulukelaka exikarhi ka ti threads.
(3) Ku lunghisa ku bola ka valve
Ehansi ka swiyimo leswi tolovelekeke, miri wa valve na bonnet swi onhaka hi ndlela leyi fanaka, kasi nsinya wa valve wutala kuva na migodi. Loko u lunghisa, switirhisiwa swa corrosion swifanele kusunguriwa kususiwa. Eka valve stem leyingana pitting pits, yifanele ku lulamisiwa eka lathe kuva yi herisa depression, naswona tirhisa filler leyingana slow-release agent, kutani u basisa filler hi mati ya distilled kuva yi susa filler leyinga na khombo eka valve stem. ti- ion leti bolaka.
(4) Ku lunghisa swirhumbana eka ndhawu yo pfalela
Hi nkarhi wa kutirhisiwa ka valve, ringeta ku sivela ndzhawu yo pfalela leswaku yinga khwaxa, naswona torque ayi fanelanga kuva yikulu swinene loko u pfala valve. Loko ndzhawu yo pfalela yi khwaxa, yinga susiwa hiku sila.
4. Ku kumiwa kavalve ya gede
Eka ndhawu ya sweswi ya makete na swilaveko swa vatirhisi, nsimbiti valve ta gedeyi endla xiphemu lexikulu. Tanihi mukamberi wa khwalithi ya swikumiwa, ku engetela eka ku tolovelana na ku kamberiwa ka khwalithi ya swikumiwa, u fanele ku tlhela u va na ku twisisa lokunene ka xiendliwa hi xoxe.
01. Xisekelo xo kuma nsimbivalve ya gede
Nsimbhiti valve ta gedeti kamberiwa hi ku ya hi mpimanyeto wa tiko wa GB/T12232-2005 “Flanged ironti valve ta gedeeka tivalvu to angarhela”.
02. Swilo swo kambela swa nsimbivalve ya gede
Ngopfungopfu yi katsa: swikombiso, ku enta ka le hansi ka rirhangu, xikambelo xa ntshikelelo, xikambelo xa xikhegelo, na swin’wana na swin’wana Exikarhi ka swona, ku enta ka rirhangu, ntshikelelo, na ku kamberiwa ka xikhegelo i swilo leswi lavekaka swo kambela na swilo swa nkoka. Loko ku ri ni swilo leswi nga fanelekiki, swi nga avanyisiwa hi ku kongoma tanihi swilo leswi nga fanelekiki .
Hiku komisa, ku kamberiwa ka khwalithi ya swihumelerisiwa i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene eka ku kamberiwa hinkwako ka swihumelerisiwa, naswona nkoka wa kona wa ti vonaka. Tanihi vatirhi va le mahlweni va vukamberi, hi fanele ku tshama hi ri karhi hi tiyisisa khwalithi ya hina, ku nga ri ntsena ku endla ntirho lowunene eka ku kambela swikumiwa, kambe na ku Ntsena hi ku va na ku twisisa ka swikumiwa leswi kamberiweke hi nga endla ntirho wo antswa wo kambela.
Nkarhi wa poso: Mar-31-2023
